What is blackout and why do we do it in vertical farming?
One crucial element of controlled environment agriculture (CEA) is the practice of “blackout.” Let’s explore what blackout is, how it works, and why it’s an important step for producing our greens and microgreens.
What is blackout?
Blackout is a technique that involves keeping a plant in complete darkness. This can be done by turning off all the lights in the grow room or by placing light-blocking lids on top of the grow trays. This is done to promote specific growth processes in the plant.
How does blackout work?
Blackout triggers the plant’s natural response to stress. With the absence of lights, blackout is used to promote the growth of the plant’s stems and leaves. The period of darkness forces the plant’s natural response to increase stem growth while searching for light. The blackout process provides the sensation of being covered in soil.
During blackout certain varieties of seed also benefit from being weighted down. The weight helps keep the seeds in contact with the wet medium. It also forces the seedlings to anchor themselves in the soil, producing stronger and better roots.
How long is the blackout period?
The duration of the blackout is different depending on the seed variety. Most seeds will need no more than 48 hours however some varieties require much longer. Cilantro and celery may need up to 5 days in blackout before they are ready for the lights.